Stp for Megaman

STP for Megaman Segmentation Megaman uses Marco-segmentation to choose its target segment. Business organizations with the scale of small to big are all belonged to this segment (from under 200 to above 200). In this segment the business organizations will all have a high usage rate on Megaman’s product, the product categories are Lighting products and solutions. Megaman also uses Micro-segmentation to well define its target segment. Some of the organizations will only require a lighting system, while some of the organizations demand individual lighting consultation.The organizations require consultations will have a much more closer relationship with Megaman while Megaman will gain more profit from providing an extended service. Megaman’s product are both foundation and facilitating goods. As a bisuness product, Megaman’s serve the purpose as in ‘use’ and ‘consumption’. Targeting Megaman targeted the business organizations to be its ide al customers. Since the customers are business organizations, they will share the key criteria of being price-sensitive; quality-focus and also logistics efficiency.In another words, they are very high demanding. The target customers will be ‘optimizers’, they will compare all proposals before making the decisions. The organizations demand Megaman’s product to be cheap; reliable; low switching cost (high compatibility). Megaman is confident in satisfying their customers, so they mainly focus on encounter in new task or for modified rebuy. Positioning Megaman positioned itself as being the market leader. It continues to invent innovative products, just like Dyson.Unlike the major competitor, Philips, Megaman had taken one step further on CSR, Megaman’s product are all eco-friendly as Megaman emphasis a lot of its product being sustainable. Philips also provide excellent lighting solution for various organizations but Megaman had managed to do the same thing but also being eco-friendly at the same time. Megaman also positioned itself of being high quality. Promotion There are different channels for Megaman to promote its products, such as Tradeshow, Advertisement and various distribution channels.Megaman had participated in various trade shows, both in Hong Kong and overseas. As from the information shown in TDC’s website, Megaman had participated in the HK international Lighting Fair for the last five years. Megaman tries to attract both local and foreign customers through the tradeshow in HK. Megaman is highly involved in this tradeshow, as Fred Bass, the managing director of Neonlite ( Parent company of Megaman) and Megaman HK’s management team attended the tradeshow for the publicity event.Megaman has not drawn much attention outside those standard tradeshows, same with its major competitor in HK, the Philips Lighting. It is belief that because both of them are already the market leader in HK, no more further marketin g strategies needed to be apply in order to fight for market share. What Megaman should do is to consider sponsoring some other tradeshow, as being a good chance to encounter more business partners. When Megaman first enter HK’s consumer market, it used humor approach to promote that Megaman’s product can create funny yet positive value.Megaman focus on TV commercial, it hired Daniel Wu as the main character to addressing the function of Megaman’s product is very effective on specific functions. For recent commercials, Megaman focus on the practical use of its products, such as using it’s LED light bulb could make specific products to look better. The latest TVC, Megaman failed to draw audiences’ attention by being so dull and boring. If Megaman want to continue its TVC commercial, they must need to another approach rather than read out the specifications of the products.

A Soldier Literary Analysis Essay

We are kept on this earth to make a difference, but we do not know what for. The poem â€Å"A Soldier† by Robert Frost tells the story of a fallen soldier. A soldier has fallen on the battle field. We do not know why the soldier fell; only that fallen soldier knew why. In this poem Frost uses metaphor and personification to compare a soldier to a lance. First, Frost uses personification to compare a soldier to a lance. By doing this you do not know if the soldier is the lance or if he comes in to the story later. It also means that the soldier has fallen in battle, but we do not know why. In the poem it says â€Å"He is that fallen lance that lies as hurled† (â€Å"A Soldier† 1). Therefore, Frost uses personification to compare a soldier to a lance. Second, Frost uses simile to compare our knowledge of what happened to just being men. It is so because sometimes we look too closely at something, and we miss the big picture. Or, we look at the big picture and miss the little things. Like, we see the soldier’s death as insignificant. We only look at the big picture, and what someone else did. For example â€Å"If we who sight along it round the world, see nothing worthy to have been its mark, it is because like men we look to near, forgetting that as fitted to the sphere† (â€Å"A Soldier† 3-6). Although we sometimes don’t understand why someone’s life was significant, we always have honored the brave men that have fallen for our country. Finally, Frost uses personification to give human qualities to a missile. He does this by explaining what the missiles do. They fall, and rip the grass. Just like when a soldier is shot; they fall and rip the grass. In the poem it says â€Å"They make us cringe for metal-point on stone† (â€Å"A Soldier† 11). By saying this Frost has compared a soldier to a missile because when a missile makes impact on something it makes us cringe. When a soldier falls, it makes us cringe at the horror of it. Therefore, Frost used personification to compare a soldier to a missile. In conclusion Frost uses personification and simile to compare a soldier to a fallen lance and a missile. He also compares our carelessness to just being men. We are kept on this earth to make a difference, but we do not know what for. I believe that Frost is urging you to find your calling in the world. A soldier has fallen on the battle field. We do not know why the soldier fell; only that fallen soldier knew why. This is similar to the theme, we are on this planet for a reason, and it is up to us to find out why that is. Therefore, Frost unites personification and simile to help urge us find out our reason to be on this planet.

Acceptance of Local Product

Acceptance of Local Product Malaysia, with a population of around 27 million, is one of the most developed nations in Southeast Asia. About 61% of its population falls into the middle to upper income group of consumers with Gross Domestic Product (GDP) per capita income of over US$6,000. The introduction of economic reforms through New Economic Policy (NEP) has produced some notable achievements such as the emergence of several successful domestic products with international competitiveness. Local brands such as Air Asia, PETRONAS, MAS and Selangor Pewter have reflected some successful stories of local entrepreneurs competing in the global markets. In the view of food product, the Malaysian food and beverage market is becoming more and more sophisticated and is supplied by both local and imported products. The strong economic growth in the late 80’s and early 90’s contributed to major changes in consumer purchases and consumption patterns. Malaysians living in urban areas are relatively brand con scious, and they prefer to shop in stores, which offer them convenience and good product selections. Malaysia has a large and growing food retail market that is supplied by local and imported products. Due to rising prosperity and higher education level, Malaysian consumers have become more difficult and demand higher quality for the goods that they purchased. Supermarkets and hypermarkets are mainly located in the major urban centers and are continuing to grow in numbers. Foreign-owned retailers operating locally include Tesco and Carrefour, Makro, Dairy Farms International (owns Giant), and Jaya Jusco. These retail stores provide good venues for imported products and access to the middle and high-income sophisticated consumers. Pressure is mounting for local retailers such as The Store to maintain competitive prices and carry a good variety of products in order to keep up with the international players. Malaysian government has tried to solve this problem that consumers should buy local product to stimulate the nation’s economy. Malaysian’s consumer have to change our attitude in believing that imported things are superior to local goods. We have locally-made goods which are of similar value and quality. Actually a significant number of goods sold overseas, items such as TV, radio, air-conditioner, VCR, shirt, shoe and automobile are made in Malaysia. We should build up a culture where we do not automatically think that imported goods are of superior goods over local goods. Many goods marketed under famous brand names such as Christian Dior, Piere Cardin, Levis, etc are actually made in Malaysia under OEM manufacturing. (Norman Rajen Abdullah, 2009) Malaysian appears to be more confident of local products, judging from their rising sales at Mydin stores nationwide. Demand for these products, ranging from food to handicrafts and textiles made by small businesses, has grown steadily since 2006. Sales of products made by small and medium enterpris es (SMEs) have more than tripled to RM55 million in 2009 from 2006 This is projected to grow by another 18 per cent to RM65 million this year and hit RM80 million in 2011. He said it was important for local entrepreneurs to build a strong foundation for their businesses in the local market before going international market.

Quench and temper Lab Report Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Quench and temper - Lab Report Example The first step in a quench and temper process is the intense heating that that aims at ensuring homogeneity of the steel’s elements and requires a temperature that is above the component’s transformation potential. This therefore eliminates possible asymmetries that reduce strength of normal steel. The sudden cooling then yields a â€Å"body centered ‘martensite’, which is hard† but is brittle (Black and Kohser, 2011, p. 133). The temper process however, defines a reheating of the material, at moderate temperatures to reduce the brittleness towards more malleable material (Black and Kohser, 2011, p. 133). The achieved strength of the material however depends on a number of factors. One of the factors that determine the achieved strength, and toughness, of a material from a quench and temper process is the level of orientation of microelements of the materials. Quenching and tempering process alignS the microelements to a level of homogeneity, a process that is done at the tempering process. Homogeneity can however only be achieved if the material is heat to a higher temperature, above the transformation level of each element of the material. A lower temperature exposure, relative to the elements’ transformation temperature is therefore expected to have little impacts on the achieved level of toughness and strength of a material while a high temperature heating is likely to achieve an increased level of toughness and strength. This factor directly relates to the nature of treatment (Shah, 2007, p. 58). The nature of treatment that a material is subjected to also plays a role in the acquired strength. Inappropriate processes are for instance identified with lower gained strength and hardness. In some cases however, poor treatment conditions even worsen a material’s strength and hardness to make it weaker than its original condition. Other factors that affect the effects of

The Ethics of Selective Reproduction Research Paper

The Ethics of Selective Reproduction - Research Paper Example The ethical concerns touch on several issues, most of the complex and risky. For instance, there was the 1980s attempt to eliminate or least reduce neurological disorders of Parkinson’s by transfer of fetal brain tissues2. The attempts are yet to materialize. Scientific feats that were thought impossible before have been achieved with persistent research and trial. This has been observed in the successful cloning of non-human animals3.   Eugenics refers to the attempt to improve the human gene pool. Different mindsets have agreed on the same definition of the term although not everyone has the same idea of what counts as eugenics4. One of the aspects of eugenics that is a source of ethical concern is the significance of parental choice in the matter. Given the fact that parents have the free will to choose what kind of a child they want, it loses state enforcement of coercive methods5. Liberal eugenics leaves room for misuse by both reproductive health providers and parents. Whereas this looks like a state of coercion to some people, others believe that the nature of services provided in eugenics cannot go without the free will and choices of parents. Wilkinson states that, â€Å"But other people think that some procedures which prospective parents can choose, such as pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD), with embryo testing and the subsequent disposal or donation of unwanted embryos, are clearly cases of eu genics, even where events are entirely a matter of parental preference and there’s no state coercion at all†6   Despite the bad image the term eugenics had from the Nazi era, the present meaning and context of the term can be argued to be a moral and ethical position. Unlike the Nazi eugenics that involved mass murder of targets that ranged from assorted ethnicities to children with disabilities by the State, today’s eugenics does not compromise the lives of citizens at all7.

Creation and distribution of goods and services Essay

Creation and distribution of goods and services - Essay Example Richard Strong put forward the argument that the proposals would allow the corporation to develop two focused and separate market and product strategies for the market segments. The initial response was guarded, with its advantage being that it would allow the corporation to clarify positioning of its products while aiding Aldus to establish a unique and strong company identity in both market segments. However, the corporation had based its success via the offering of a single product line bridging creative professionals and business. This paper aims to evaluate this proposal. Strong’s proposal to alter the positioning strategy for Aldus As PageMaker’s sophistication grew to meet the high-end user’s evolving needs, the product became more unattractive to the business segment that was not as sophisticated. The primary distribution channels lacked sophistication to lend support to these high-end users, leading Strong to believe that the corporation faced the danger of being unable to serve these two markets. The situation was made worse in the European market by Apple Macintosh’s weak position, which made Aldus depend more PageMaker’s MS-DOS version. ... Trying to meet these segment’s divergent needs with one product line placed a high demand on software development staff. The product’s complexity would complicate the upgrade task and delay upgrade schedules. Conflict in the corporation arose because the software development staff was oriented to the graphic’s market, while others were oriented to business segments. Both groups could only respond to the needs of their market via a single product. Splitting Aldus into two divisions would allow them to focus on these different market segments. These organizational and product line decisions were made due to what industry executives viewed as polarization of software distribution. Telemarketers, mail order firms and superstores increasingly served the market, with the high-end served by boutiques that had the ability to provide after sales support, consulting, and needs assessment. Hardware sellers were becoming less viable as software dealers. Differences between C onsumer and Organizational Markets The first difference between consumer markets and organizational markets has to do with the nature of purchases (Pride et al, 2012). Organizational consumers buy capital equipment, semi-finished goods and raw materials for utilization in further operations or for reselling to others while final consumers normally acquire finished items for household, family or personal use. Organizational consumers are also more likely to demand exact specifications of products. Final consumers usually buy on a stylistic and descriptive basis. Additionally, organizational consumers usually use multiple buying responsibilities where more than one employee participates in expensive or complex purchase decisions. Consumer markets

Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Report - Essay Example There are recent examples of this mass socio-cultural shift: the arrest of the renowned â€Å"Queen of the Pacific,† Mexican drug lord Sandra Avila Beltran, and the portrayal of a brutal female drug kingpin by Salma Hayek in the soon-to-be-released Oliver Stone film Savages. Despite the unquestionably heavy feminine presence in the drug trade, the historically macho world of drug smuggling can still be said to have victimized women. Women, particularly in Latin American countries, have come to identify equality with access to commercial opportunity in the most lucrative business venture available to them: the drug trade. In this way, in their struggle for gender parity, women have wittingly become part of the same destructive cycle with which men have typically been associated. This may, in part, be driven by persistently high rates of violence against women in Latin America, with women seeking a measure of control amid the carnage (see graph, page 6). By asserting their femin inity, some achieve power but compromise their moral existence in what can best be characterized as a devil’s bargain. ... While this may once have been true, the burgeoning drug trade has carried women to power and international infamy on a scale heretofore unknown and unanticipated by many for whom females have always been the prototypical victims of the drug trade and the collateral damage it creates. New lifestyle, new opportunity This is not to argue that countless women are not thus victimized. But their increasing presence at the highest levels of some of the most powerful drug organizations indicates that women are susceptible to the same economic and psychological motivations that have previously been ascribed to men only. In his widely cited anthropological study of the Mexican drug trade, Hugh Campbell has ascertained that female drug smugglers enjoy â€Å"a pleasurable lifestyle and relative autonomy from men,† aggrandizing their power in the same violent and ruthless ways as men. Campbell examines a female subject he identifies as Zulema, whose pursuit of the high-risk, high-return li festyle is typical of the new breed of women in the trade. â€Å"Contrary to standard interpretations of women’s motivation for entry into drug smuggling, Zulema was initially attracted to crime, including drug-selling, by the opportunity it presented for adventure and revolt against bourgeois lifestyles† (antropologi, 2008). Such women have done more than simply reject poverty and a non-descript lifestyle; they seek the â€Å"high† that comes from a powerful adrenaline rush. There is an element of glamour to the drug underworld, and in a sense women have long been a part of the image it projects in mass culture. There is a long association between beauty and illicit activity. During Prohibition, bootleggers were famous for showing off beautiful female

Magnetic resonance imaging Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Magnetic resonance imaging - Assignment Example 2001). MRI is used to measure tissue perfusion through the use of different techniques such as arterial sin labelling (ASL) and dynamic susceptibility contrasting imaging (DSC-MRI). DSC is based on injected contrast agent use that changes the blood’s magnetic susceptibility, thus, producing a MR signal continually measured throughout the bolus passage (Petrella & Provenzale 2000). ASL, on the other hand, is whereby before the arterial blood enters into the tissue to be assessed, it is magnetically tagged, and consequently, the labelling amount is measured and compared to a blank recording achieved without spin labelling. Currently, MRI is a powerful tool in a clinical setting for evaluation of brain anatomy, which is achieved via a number of metabolic or functional assessments. MRI perfusion is a technique used to measure cerebral perfusion non-invasively via several hemodynamic measurements assessments including cerebral blood flow, cerebral blood, volume, and meant transit t ime. This technique plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment cerebrovascular disease patients, as well as patients with other brain disorders (Petrella & Provenzale 2000). ... Exogenous Tracers Exogenous is a model of MR perfusion, which assumes that the tracer does not diffuse into the outer cellular space because it is constrained in the intravascular compartment. In this model imaging can either be performed dynamically or in a steady state. Dynamic imaging utilizes transient fluctuations in local magnetic field of the tissues in the surrounding that are induced by paramagnetic tracer bolus passing through the capillary network of the organ. The local magnetic field changes can be measured as signal fluctuations on MR imaging. Accurate measurements are enabled by Ultrafast imaging methods such as spiral MR and echoplanar imaging, which measures differing signal changes that occur rapidly (Ostergaard, et al. 1996). Data from the signal-time course is then changed to relative tracer tissue data from the concentration-time course. This results in tracer concentration-time curve that can be evaluated to establish different parameters of hemodynamic tissues such as blood flow, transit time, tissue blood volume and bolus arrival time. The hemodynamic parameters mentioned above are influenced by features of the bolus injection such as the injection rate, contrast agent paramagnetic properties, the amount of injected contrast material among others. Furthermore, these parameters rely on variables inside the subject under imaging, which are cardiac output and vascular volume of total-body (Buxton, et al. 1996). Therefore, it is not possible to compare the parameters between varied subjects, and at different times they may even cause variation on examination of the same subject. Nevertheless, there is an internal standard of reference,

Chinese economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Chinese economy - Essay Example China was forced to open coastal ports resulting in a steady flow of trade between the West and the East. According to Rit Nosotro, â€Å"Although the Europeans introduced railroads, highways, and started some industrial activity, the overall effect on China’s economy overall was negligible since it did not involve the hundreds of millions of peasants deep in the interior†. During the early and mid Qing period there was a considerable rise in Chinas population. But since there was no substantial industrial development China could not utilize the excessive manpower nor raise the standard of living. The economic condition of the government was poor since the dynasty could not collect enough taxes from a poor society. Also there was serious corruption as the government ate away a large part of the taxes collected. The powerful landlords evaded government taxes. All this led to a huge tax burden on the peasants. When these oppressed peasants rebelled (Taiping rebellion) the dynasty had to spend more money to control this rebellion thus making the financial conditions even worse. From the mid-19th century onwards political decentralization made collection of taxes more difficult.. Administrative inefficiency led to inefficient financial management. Also the unequal treatises prevented China from raising tariffs on foreign trade to pay off deficits and the government had to take huge foreign loans. To overcome the money problem, government increased domestic taxes causing more rebellions. Also there was an unfavorable balance of trade which reduced the value of the countrys currency thereby reducing the governments income. The wars that China fought with the foreign powers and the resultant war indemnities China had to pay in 1842, 1860, 1896 and 1900 also dented the economy. Finally in 1911 the Qing dynasty was overthrown. In a planned economy or direct economy the state manages the economy.

Caribbean Economy and Haitian revolution Essay Example for Free

Caribbean Economy and Haitian revolution Essay The Revolution wrecked Haiti’s economy because it challenged the world as it was then. Slavery was the heart of a thriving system of merchant capitalism that profited Europe, devastated Africa, and propelled the expansion of the Americas. Independent Haiti had few friends. All the worlds powers sided with France against the self-proclaimed Black Republic which declared it a haven for runaway slaves. Hemmed in by slave colonies, Haiti had only one non-colonized neighbor, the slaveholding United States; which refused to recognize Haiti’s independence for decades. The Haitian Revolution of 1789-1803 transformed French Saint Domingue, one of the most productive European colonies of its day, into an independent state run by former slaves and the descendants of slaves It produced the worlds first examples of wholesale emancipation in a major slaveowning society, of colonial representation in a metropolitan assembly, and of full racial equality in a European colony. It occurred when the Atlantic slave trade was at its peak, and when slavery was an accepted institution from Canada to Chile. The slave revolt that between 1791 and 1793 laid waste the immensely wealthy colony was probably the largest and sole fully successful one there has ever been. Of all American struggles for colonial independence, the Haitian Revolution involved the greatest degree of mass mobilization, and brought the greatest degree of social and economic change. In an age of tumultuous events and world war, it seized international attention with images of apocalyptic destruction and of a new world in the making. The Black Jacobins by Trinidadian intellectual C.L.R. James remains, although written in the 1930s, the best introduction to the subject.

PEST Country Analysis: Cuba

PEST Country Analysis: Cuba ACKNOWLEDGEMENT First and foremost I thank my teacher who has assigned this term paper to bring out my creative capabilities. I express my gratitude to my parents for being continuous source of encouragement and for all their financial aids given to me. I would like to acknowledge the assistance provided to me by the library staff of Lovely Professional University. At last my heartfelt gratitude to my friends for helping me to complete my work in time. BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT Country Origin Cuba is one of the largest islands in the Caribbean which was once inhabited by tribal people when Christopher Columbus visited the island during his first voyage. He discovered it and declared it as a territory of Spain 1762 this country was briefly held by Britain before being returned in exchange for Florida. A series of rebellions occurred during the 19th century which failed to end Spanish rule, but increased tensions between Spain and the United States, resulted in the Spanish-American War, finally led to Spanish withdrawal, and in 1902, Cuba gained formal independence. American trade dominated Cuba during the first half of the 20th century. It was helped by US government policy measures assuring influence over the island. In 1959, Dictator Fulgencio Batista was overthrown in a revolution led by Fidel Castro. Cuba-United States relations froze while the island showed its faith towards the Soviet Union, which kept its economy running in spite of being US against Cuba. After the dissolution of the east-west-confrontation Cuba remains as one of the only Communist countries in the world. Past business Cuban business has mainly revolved around United States Soviet Union. Before 1958 everything was allright between US and Cuba and trade was carrying smoothly between them.In March 1958, when an armed conflict broke out in Cuba between rebels and the Fulgencio Batista government an arms embargo has been in effect. In July 1960, in response to Cubas new revolutionary governments seizure of US properties, the United States reduced the Cuban import quota of brown sugar by 7,000,000 tons, under the Sugar Act of 1948; the Soviet Union responded by agreeing to purchase the sugar instead, as Cubas new government continued to take further actions to confiscate American businesses and privately owned property. In 1963, the 1963 U.S. embargo was reinforced in October 1992 by the Cuban Democracy Act (the Torricelli Law) and in 1996 by the Cuban Liberty and Democracy Solidarity Act (known as the Helms-Burton Act) which penalized foreign companies that did business in Cuba by preventing them from doing business in the US. The justification provided for these restrictions were that these companies were trafficking in stolen U.S. properties, and should, thus, be excluded from the United States. The European Union resented the Helms Burton Act because it felt that the US was dictating how other nations ought to conduct their trade and challenged it on that basis. The EU eventually dropped its challenge in favor of negotiating a solution. PEST Analysis (P)olitical factors Cuba is a communist state. The departments of the state and the Cuban Communist Party are closely connected and their power is mainly devolved from the Executive Committee of the Council of Ministers. Their National Assembly which has legislative e powers consists of 614 members. Their next elections for the provinces and nation are due in January 2012, the municipal elections in April 2010, even though there is only one legal party which is namely the Cuban Communist Party (PCC). The head of state and government of Cuba is Raà ºl Castro Ruz. (E)conomic factors The consumer prices, or inflation rate, rose by 3,4 % in 2008 which is, compared to other countries, an average figure, because they are number 47 on the world list. The Cuban labor force counts 4.962 million people of which 78% work in the state sector and 22% in the non-state sector. This figure scores them number 74 in comparison to the labor forces around the world. The unemployment rate is low compared to other countries as they only have 1,6 % jobless people and rank place 13 in the world. This rate even improved by 0,2 % from 2007 to 2008. The buying power, GDP per capita, of each Cuban was $9,500 in the year 2008. Compared to other countries they rank place 108 in the worlds list, but seeing that the values improved over the years from 2006 until 2008 by $1,000 per capita, their score is still positive. Cuba produces several agricultural products such as sugar, tobacco, citrus, coffee, rice,potatoes, beans and livestock. Main export goods are nickel, fish, citrus, coffee, tobacco products, sugar and its by-products and medicines. A 2008 estimate for their export of goods is $3.78 billion which makes them number 119 on the list of countries by exports. Their main export partners are China, Canada, Spain, the Netherlands and Iran. Goods that have to be imported are petroleum, food, machinery and equipment and chemicals. Their main import partners are Venezuela, China, Spain, Canada and the USA. (S)ociological factors Cuba has a population of estimated 11,451,652 people. The population grows by 0.233 % each year. 18,3 % of these people are between 0 and 14 years, 70,4 % are between 15 and 64 years old and 11,2 % are 65 years or older. Therefore the average age is 37,3 years. 65,1 % are white, 24,8 % are mulatto and mestizo and 10,1 % are black (2002 census). The most dominant religions are Roman Catholics and Protestants. Nearly the whole population is able to read and write (99,8 %) at the age of 15 which enables them to pursue a good education. The majority (76 %) of the population preferably lives in urban areas. (T)echnological factors Cuba is a recognized leading country in the field of biotechnology, but there are still sectors that lack development. Internet access is for example only provided by one provider at high costs which shows an inadequate telecommunications infrastructure. The information technology system in Cuba still has to be improved, because the profitable sectors such as tourism and biotechnology require good and continuously updated communication structures and instruments which are not sufficient at the moment. Castro sees that modern communication and computer networks are necessary for the economy and is willing to open new doors in order to make this possible. (Information technology in Cuba, 2009) Cuba World Economy In 2005 Cuba had exports of $2.4 billion, ranking 114 of 226 world countries, and imports of $6.9 billion, ranking 87 of 226 countries. Its major export partners are China 27.5%, Canada 26.9%, Netherlands 11.1%, Spain 4.7% (2007). Cubas major exports are sugar, nickel, tobacco, fish, medical products, citrus, and coffee; imports include food, fuel, clothing, and machinery. Cuba presently holds debt in an amount estimated to be $13 billion, approximately 38% of GDP. According to the Heritage Foundation, Cuba is dependent on credit accounts that rotate from country to country. Cuba holds 6.4% of the global market for nickel which constitutes about 25% of total Cuban exports. Recently, large reserves of oil have been found in the North Cuba Basin. BUSINESS CULTURE OF CUBA DRESS Dressing is quite informal in for both men and women, For men: Depending on the situation, a guayabera shirt with nice slacks may be as formal as it gets. Business casual for a warm climate should suffice. For women: A pair of pants and nice shirt should do. Skirts are fine as well. Jeans and business casual attire are generally acceptable. TITLES AND BUSINESS CARDS Titles are very important and it is best to address people directly by using their professional title (or Mr., Mrs., or Miss) followed by the surname. It is advisable, although not required, to have one side of your business card translated into Spanish. Present your business card with the Spanish side facing the recipient. There is no specific ritual surrounding the giving of business cards. MEETINGS Arriving on time for a meeting is important even though you may have to wait 30 minutes or more. There is usually 5-15 minutes of small talk before getting down to business. It is best to allow your host to begin the business discussion. It is considered acceptable to interrupt someone who is speaking. NEGOTIATIONS Cubans value relationship building and harmony so it is important to avoid hard selling, pressure tactics and any sort of conflict or confrontation. Decisions are made from the top down and can take sometime. GIFT GIVING Gifts are not brought to a first meeting. When giving gifts it is best to bring something very modest as anything else could be misconstrued. COMMUNICATION STYLE Cubans tend to be direct and some what louder than what the norm is in North America. GESTURES Cubans tend to speak very quickly and loudly. They use their hands and bodies for emphasis when speaking and tend to be emotionally expressive. Cubans will point by puckering their lips in the direction or person they are referring to. Wrinkling or scrunching up of your nose usually means, huh or what? Geert Hofstedes Model After seeing some of the business culture and countrys culture we can draw some conclusions based on the five dimensions of the above mentioned model. POWER DISTANCE As Cuba is a Communist country, it is expected to have higher power distance than other capitalist countries. Geert Hofstede has not conducted his survey in Cuba so there arent any scores regarding it. INDIVIDUALISM Vs. COLLECTIVISM In Private sector individualism is practiced to achieve results with greater efficiency. While the majority of Cuba which is communist in nature has a greater faith in collectivism. LONG TERM ORIENTATION On observing the past and future business culture of Cuba, we can easily comprehend that in past it was more of short term oriented. Now while the country is growing , it has become more of a long term oriented country. HALLS MODEL High Context Cubans seem to pretty much fall in this category. I would like to state that because they behave in the following mentioned way :- Less verbally explicit communication, less written/formal information More internalized understandings of what is communicated Multiple cross-cutting ties and intersections with others Long term relationships Strong boundaries- who is accepted as belonging vs who is considered an outsider Knowledge is situational, relational. Decisions and activities focus around personal face-to-face relationships, often around a central person who has authority. HRM PRACTISES IN CUBA Human resource management (HRM) practices in Cuba are still incipient and close to what may be called the traditional Soviet-style model. In other words, HRM in Cuba mainly comprises a set of practices that emphasise cost control and administrative concerns, resource allocation being controlled by the administrative hierarchy and not by the market characteristics. Additionally, human resource management is an undervalued function compared to other areas. Those who are not good enough for anything else, go to the HR function, as one manager noticed. Within the last few years, and in the context of perfeccionamiento empresarial, new concerns with the quality of human resource management have arisen. The new goals, in industries that aim to achieve a competitive position in the international arena, include the development of staff competencies. Capacitacion (qualification) became HRMs recent major buzzword in the country. Qualification is the major human resource management challenge for Cuban companies, and is viewed as a necessary means for achieving a series of new business goals, including quality, customer service and independence in the execution of work, all of which are new descriptors in the national business vocabulary. The new market-oriented logic, which is emerging particularly in the globally exposed tourism sector, is far from being the normal. That is possibly one of the reasons why so many people try to work in tourism, the other being easier access to foreign currency. This has led to what is called the inverted pyramid: a hotel waiter can earn more money (in tips) than the best university educated specialist or work hero. Macro-level administration of human resources is thus being challenged by micro motives and is forcing companies to develop and implement incentive systems that stimulate individual motivation, while trying to respect the ideological orientation towards a more altruistic and disinterested motivated behaviour, such as the one mentioned above. In fact, as a traditional rule of the Cuban enterprise, incentivos (incentives) are non-material. They are called spiritual incentives, and may include a letter, a diploma, an appreciation from the company or, at a more material level, a dinner including lobster. Managers attitudes towards the effectiveness of material rewards are highly ambivalent. On the one hand, they deny the importance of material incentives. On the other hand, they enthusiastically refer to the possibility of obtaining material rewards in the more progressive firms. BUSINESS GROUPS OF CUBA SHERRITT INTERNATIONAL Sherritt International is one of the biggest business giants of Cuba that operates in Cuba Canada. Sherritt International Corporation is a diversified natural resource company that produces nickel, cobalt, thermal coal, oil and gas, and electricity. It also licenses its proprietary technologies to other metals companies. Sherritts 293.1 million common shares trade on the Toronto Stock Exchange under the symbol S. The company also produces oil from assets in Cuba, Spain and Pakistan, and manages 376 megawatts of power generation capacity in Cuba. HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTISES The most important HRM practices practiced in Sherritt are HR planning (i.e. to forecast and foresee the future business and employee needs and plan for them) Recruitment and selection job descriptions, selection tools, background checks, offers Compensation (i.e. methods, consistency, market) Employee relations (i.e. labor agreements, performance management, disciplinary procedures, employee recognition) Mandated benefits (i.e. social security, unemployment insurance, workers compensation, COBRA/HIPPA) Optional group benefits (i.e. insurance, time off benefits, flexible benefits, retirement plans, employee assistance programs, perks) Payroll (i.e. internal vs. external options, compliance) Recordkeeping (i.e. HRIS, personnel files, confidential records, I-9, other forms) Training and development (i.e. new employee orientation, staff development, technical and safety, leadership, tuition reimbursement, career planning) Employee communications (i.e. handbook, newsletter, recognition programs, announcements, electronic communication) RECRUITMENT SELECTION The process of hiring begins when new recruits are sought and ends when their applications are submitted. The result is a pool of applications from which new employees are selected. Compensation Compensation is the remuneration provided to an employee in return for his/her contribution to the organization. It is an organized practice that involves balancing the work-employee relation by providing monetary and non-monetary benefits to employees. Training Training is also provided for increasing the knowledge and skills of people for a specific purpose. It helps the trainees acquire new skills, technical knowledge, and problem-solving ability etc. It also gives an awareness of the rules and procedures to guide their behavior thereby improving the performance of employee on present job and prepares them for taking up new assignments in future. Performance Appraisal Performance appraisal is a method of evaluating the behavior of employees in the work spot including both quantitative and qualitative aspects of job performance. A process in which employees strengths and weaknesses are identified to improve the performance on the present and future jobs. Performance appraisal is a systematic review of individual or a groups performance on the job. Pay Roll Section: After employee placement/joining the recruitment section handovers the details of the employees enclosed in a file to the payroll department. Pay Roll process starts from 25th of every month. First part is attendance, which will be coming from last 26th to 25th of the month. Salary is paid for 1st to 31st but attendance is calculated from 25th to 26th of the month. The Pay Roll department then looks after the following aspect of the employees. HSEQ HEALTH, SAFETY, ENVIRONMENT AND QUALITY (HSEQ) Every job involves certain risks. In order to provide a safer and healthy atmosphere at work place HSEQ is strengthened at all levels in the company. There is a possibility of occurrence of risk either from external and internal sources. External sources hear referred to infrastructure and internal sources referred to Behavior of employees. HSEQ is involved in regulation and controlling the risks involved in jobs. Bibliography http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_america http://www.mfat.govt.nz/Countries/Latin-America/Cuba.php http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_countries_by_exports http://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-worldfactbook/geos/cu.html http://www.cuba.com/index.php?catid=280cuba_info_record=Useful%20information%20of%20 http://www.indexmundi.com/cuba/demographics_profile.html http://www1.american.edu/carmel/ms4917a/cuba.htm http://www.phpclasses.org/browse/country/cu/

re-introduction of wolves into maine :: essays research papers

Reentering the eastern timber wolf into northern Maine.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Before the 20th century the eastern timber wolf lived and thrived in northern and central Maine. A combination of hunting and trapping however killed off most of the indigenous wolves and drove the rest into Canada.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The eastern timber wolf stands between 26†- 36† tall, and weighs between 65- 85 pounds for a female and 80- 95 pounds for a male. They stretch from between 5- 6.5 feet from nose to tale. The eastern timber wolf travels in packs of 2-8. The pack consists of the breeding male and female and their offspring it may also have subordinate adult wolves that recognize the breeding male’s leadership. Only the dominant male and female breed, the female has a litter of between 4-7 pups. A wolf pack has a territory that can be as big as 1,000 square miles, although it is generally less than this.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Many people feel that since it was humans that drove the wolves away from the state of Maine it is our ethical duty to bring them back and see that they survive. I am now going to go over some of the pros and con’s of reintroducing the eastern timber wolf back into Maine.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  With the wolves gone in Maine there was a predator vacuum created. This means that there was an over abundance of the animals the wolves used to prey upon. This in turn led to the increased number of coyotes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The eastern coyote is much larger then their western cousins and have a more powerful jaw for taking bigger game. They fit into the niche of the wolf perfectly. They have adapted until they can do just about anything a wolf could do; they are starting to travel in packs and are growing larger each generation. The eastern coyote is so well established in Maine and it is so closely related to the eastern timber wolf that if you wanted to reintroduce the wolf you would first have to greatly decrease the number of coyote.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Most people say that if you reintroduce the wolf to Maine, big game hunting would have to be stopped. This is untrue. As long as the deer and moose population neither grows nor decreases hunting is doing its job. Wolves don’t have any great effect on the population of their prey. They take only sick and old animals and very rarely do they take an animal that has a likelihood of breeding.

Arthur Miller Essay -- essays papers

Arthur Miller Arthur Miller, in his plays, deals with the injustice of society's moral values and the characters who are vulnerable to its cruelty. A good majority of these plays were very successful and earned numerous awards. According to Brooks Atkinson, a critic for the New York Times, Miller's play Death of a Salesman was successful because the play "is so simple in style and so inevitable in theme that it scarcely seems like a thing that has been written and acted. For Mr. Miller has looked with compassion into the hearts of some ordinary Americans and quietly transferred their hopes and anguish to the theater" (Babusci 1261). This play, in 1949, received the Pulitzer Prize, the New York Drama Critics Circle Award, the Antoinette Perry Award, the Donaldson Award, and the Theater Club Award (A Brief Chronology of Arthur Miller's Life and Works, http://www.ibiblio.org/...). Miller has said that he could not have written The Crucible at any other time for it is said that a play cannot be successful unless it speaks to its own time; hence McCarthyism was widespread when this play was written. Everyone was afraid of Communists, just like everyone was afraid of witches during The Crucible. This play won the Antoinette Perry Award and the Donaldson Award (Bloom, Modern Critical Interpretations: Arthur Miller's The Crucible 55). His play All My Sons was concerned with a man, Joe Keller, selling defective cylinder heads to the Air Force during World War II, causing the death of twenty-one pilots, one of whom was his elder son. The play focuses around this act and the consequences that arise from it. The play won the New York Drama Critics Circle Award. All of Miller's plays focus on one central idea, this idea being ... ...ct even though he was genuinely unable to visualize the public consequences of what for him was a private act. From an ethical standpoint he feels like he did nothing wrong, for "it is not that he cannot tell right from wrong but that his cast of mind cannot admit that he, personally, has any viable connection with his world, his universe, or his society" (Bloom, Modern Critical Interpretations: Arthur Miller's All My Sons 104). He believes that "family is the most important thing and that what is done in the name of family has its own justification" (Bloom, Modern Critical Interpretations: Arthur Miller's All My Sons 28). "I did it for you, it was a chance and I took it for you. I'm sixty-one years old, when would I have another chance to make something for you?...For you, a business for you!" (Bloom, Modern Critical Interpretations: Arthur Miller's All My Sons 65).

bird feeders :: essays research papers

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Good Health Essay

â€Å"‘Good health implies the achievement of a dynamic balance between individuals or groups and their environment.'† (Better Health Commission 1986, cited in Carey, D., Perraton, G.; Weston, K. 2000: 3). According to the World Health Organisation (WHO), ‘health’ can be defined as the absence of illnesses and a state of mental and social well-being (Carey et al. 2000:3). In other words, in order to maintain optimal health, it is imperative to have a well-balanced lifestyle which would include a nutritious diet as well as mental and social well-being. This essay shows that food is one of the many important factors amongst others when striving to maintain good health. This will be demonstrated by examining the three main aspects affecting an individual’s health, in the following order: diet, lifestyle and social fabric of family and society. Diet is considered as one of the most crucial factors contributing to an individual’s health. However, being aware of what constitutes a good diet as opposed to a poor diet is significant in maintaining optimal health in an individual. A diet that is well-balanced includes more fruit, vegetables, wholegrains and less fatty, salty or sugary foods. This would mean avoiding processed meals from takeaways and eating less refined foods. Several main reasons are commonly given for this. The first of this is a poor diet which has been noted to be a major cause of obesity. Obesity appears to be a major risk factor in many diseases such as colorectal cancer and coronary heart disease. In addition, in recent years the number of diet-related diseases has increased proportionately, and is now one of the major causes of death in most western countries including Australia. According to the Australian Bureau of Statistics (1987 cited in Australian Consumers’ Association 1991: 6), the most significant causes of mortality in 1986 were cancer and heart disease. An explanation for this could be the steady rise in obesity levels within Australia, with many people eating highly processed foods which are laden with calories (Australian Consumers’ Association 1991: 13). It is therefore critical to eat a nutritively healthy diet, in order to successfully maintain good health and weight. Furthermore, an example supporting the above contention is a study conducted by the Willcox team (2004: 2), which reveals that the Okinawans have one of  the highest rates of longevity and have considerably lower risk towards most diet-related diseases which tend to be more prevalent in the ‘affluent countries’ of the West. The most notable difference in the lifestyle of the Okinawans and the Australians is their food consumption, which is low in calories and rich in fibrous foods such as grains, vegetables and soy. The study also states that such a diet has allowed the Okinawans to refrain from extensive free-radical damage to their body, allowing them to live longer and healthier. This reinforces the idea that nutriment consisting of a variety of wholesome meals rather than processed foods is extremely essential in maintaining health that has a lower predisposition to diseases associated with diet. Another vital factor for maintaining optimal health is lifestyle. Grundy (n.d. cited in Cadzow 1996: 32) states that the continuing trend of deteriorating physical conditions is due to the sedentary lifestyles people tend to keep nowadays. It seems that in several modern cities like Australia, people often succumb to a physically inactive way of life because of the presence of numerous technological devices such as television for entertainment and elevators for convenience. For instance, it is quite common to find staff members in many workplaces choosing to send an e-mail to another office that could be just next door, then actually going down personally (Cadzow 1996:32). As a consequence, many people are not able to burn the amount of kilojoules they consume and are therefore rapidly gaining weight and becoming vulnerable to diet-related diseases, which can radically hinder their health. Comparatively, the centenarians of Okinawa have been noted to keep a particularly active lifestyle, even as they grow older, frequently taking part in strenuous activities such as fishing and farming as evidenced by research conducted by the Willcox team (n.d. cited in King Murdoch 2005: 24). As a result of their late retirements and continuous physical activities, the Okinawans seem to enjoy high rates of longevity and good health as compared to the populations of other countries (Mc Devitt 1999: 59). A further critical element characteristic of a healthy lifestyle is to refrain from smoking and limiting alcohol intake to a minimum to enhance  physical well-being (Melton 2001: 32). Hence, it is evident that staying healthy means keeping active. Various simple activities such as dancing, gardening, or brisk walking help to burn kilojoules whilst at the same time providing enjoyment. Such activities can easily be done by everyone to keep healthy. Finally, social development also plays a fundamental role in promoting and maintaining good health. Perry (1997: 26) notes that the elderly that live with their children and grandchildren gain several positive impacts on their social and mental well-being. These benefits include emotional and physical support from their children along with a close-knit social network, both of which are significant to maintaining good social condition as evidenced by World Health Organisation’s definition of ‘health’. Conversely, the elderly are able to give emotional support to their family members, as well as recommend healthy dietary choices in order to encourage better health which provides mutual benefits to all members of the family, and allows for a dynamic state of wellbeing. Another example highlighting the importance of culture in the maintenance of health is the Okinawan approach to life, which is full or enthusiasm and positive outlooks, which enables strong ‘social integration’. Further evidence in support of this contention includes studies conducted by several researchers in the West, which have revealed that easy going people with optimistic attitudes generally tend to outlive the pessimistic (Melton 2001: 32). In addition to keeping a positive outlook, coping with stress effectively is another important aspect in relation to mental condition. Meditation and spirituality, helps to reinforce the mental as well as social aspect of healthiness, thus increasing the ‘psychospiritual health’. It can therefore be summarised that being cheerful and engaging in social activities promotes better health. In conclusion, it is evident that maintaining optimal health requires consideration of a variety of factors including the type of food consumed, the sort of lifestyle maintained and the existence of an interactive environment. Since all these factors affect the balance of an individual’s health, it is very difficult to say which particular one is more essential than another. Rather, it is the combination of all three dynamic features  that enables the sustainment of a healthy life, without the incidence of diseases because health is a continual journey and the successful blend of physical, mental and social equilibrium is of utmost importance. As summarised by the Wilcox team, â€Å"[T]he issue is not how long we live, it is how well we live.

Examinership, Receivership and Liquidation in Ireland

The collapse of the Irish economy has triggered a substantial increase in the number of companies in Ireland which are being deemed insolvent and which are no longer in a position to continue operating as viable entities. This has caused the companies directors, creditors and shareholders to seek remedies available under Irish law. The law in Ireland regarding companies in financial difficulties was originally set out by the Companies Act 1963, which was amended in 1990, and then again in 1999.All cooperate entities must adhere to the legislation set out under the Act and their individual memorandum of association and articles of association, which together constitute the constitution of a company. The principal remedies for dealing with insolvent companies are: 1. Examinership; 2. Receivership; 3. Liquidation. 1. The concept of examinership was introduced into Irish law by the Companies (Amendment) Act 1990. This legislation was enacted in order to provide companies which were in fi nancial difficulties with the chance of recovering and thereby avoiding liquidation.An examinership is where the court places a company under its protection to enable a court appointed examiner to assess the affairs of a company and consider whether it is capable of survival, and if so, puts forward proposals that will facilitate that continuation of business. The motivation behind the creation of this legislation was the prevention of the collapse of the Goodman Group. The aim of this legislation was to avoid liquidation of companies with a chance of recovering from financial difficulties.Forde and Kennedy opine that the immediate objective and consequence of the protection created by this legislation is to provide the company or companies in question with extensive immunity against its creditors and against claims being made against it. McCormack in his article â€Å"Control and Corporate Rescue† believes that this role was created as a response to changing political and bu siness dynamics in the l990s. The receivership model was seen as being too creditor centred and as not being sufficiently responsive to the concerns of other stakeholders.The feeling at the time, McCormack opined, was that â€Å"banks had pushed companies unnecessarily into insolvency by being unduly precipitate in the appointment of receivers. † The original legislation has been criticised in numerous respects, and so has been amended significantly by the CA 1999. Finlay CJ in the Supreme Court in Re Holidair Ltd, acknowledged the shortcomings of the legislation and held that it is appropriate to approach the construction of any sections in CA 1990 on the basis that the two objectives of the legislature were to provide a period of protection for a company and that a company should be continued as a going concern.The legislation was being used as a last attempt to save companies which were incapable of salvation. As John O’Donnell put it in his article ‘Nursing t he Corporate Patient – Examinership and Certification under the Companies Act, 1990’, â€Å"for many, it has been a painful experience to learn that the Act is designed to help cure the sick but cannot raise the dead. † Keane notes that the granting of the examiner is discretionary. A court may appoint an examiner where it appears that: a) A company is or is likely to be unable to pay its debts; (b) No resolution subsists for the winding-up of the company; (c) No order has been made for the winding-up of the company. Because of the effects of an examiner on a company, one should not be appointed without a real prospect of survival. Lardner J in Re Atlantic Magnetics Ltd advocated a strict test for â€Å"reasonable prospect of survival†. He was overruled by the Supreme Court, in favour of a requirement of â€Å"some prospect of survival†.Prior to the revision of CA 1990, the leading authority on the test for the appointment of an examiner was that S C decision in Re Atlantic Magnetics Ltd. The statutory revision of Section 2. 2 has effectively reversed that decision. The foregoing views are supported by the decision of the High Court in Re Tuskar Resources plc, which was the first written decision on the appointment of an examiner since the changes effected by CA 1999 were commenced. McCracken J began by analysing the changes effected to the test for the appointment.He said the new test was more in keeping with the decision of Lardner J in the High Court than with the decision in the Supreme Court – â€Å"In re Atlantic Magnetic†¦Finlay CJ also stated that there cannot be an onus of proof on a petitioner to establish as matter of probability that the company is capable of surviving as a going concern. It seems to me that this is no longer the position under the Act of 1999 by reason of the wording of the new sub-s 2(2). † He refused to appoint an examiner as the petitioner had failed to discharge the onus of proof that there was a reasonable prospect of the survival of the company.Although all petitions to have an Examiner appointed must be presented to the High Court, the HC may remit the matter to the Circuit Court under CA1990 Section 3. 9 where it appears that the total liabilities of the company, do not exceed â‚ ¬317,434. For the petition to be approved, the CA 1990 required a petition to have evidence of possibility of salvation but no detailed analysis of the company’s situation was required. This is another criticism of that Act. The petition to have an examiner appointed and the grounding affidavit must be made uberrimae fides, that is, in the utmost of good faith.What was first decided by Costello J in Re Wogans (Drogheda) Ltd has now been given statutory force by Section 4a CA 1990. Where it is discovered that the court has been misled, the entire application will be tainted. If this is discovered early in the proceedings, the examiner will be discharged where the lack of good faith is sufficiently serious. However, a lack of candour and good faith will not always result in a refusal to confirm an examiner’s proposals, as seem in Re Selukwe Ltd. There are no particular qualification requirements for an examiner. They can’t have been an officer of the company within the last 12 months.McCracken J held in Re Tuskar Resources plc that there was no bar on the person who provides the independent person’s report from acting as examiner. The person appointed is entitled to court-fixed remuneration and to costs. He can employ staff to assist or may use company staff. Section 10 CA 1990 provides that any liabilities incurred during the protection period are deemed to be legit examiner expenses. These liabilities would include new borrowing. Forde and Kennedy explain that the reason why the examiner may certify liabilities is that there may otherwise be a danger that the company’s survival as a going oncern may be prejudiced . Section 29 CA 1990 gave these liabilities and expenses priority over creditors where a scheme of arrangement was drawn up or a winding up ensued. This provision was one of the most criticised. It was deemed to subvert the whole lending process, as secured creditors lost priority. This had the potential to severely prejudice these creditors should examinership fail. Prior to the enactment of the 1999 Act, the duty of the examiner was to conduct an examination of the affairs of the company and report the results to the court within a specified period and to later present proposals and schemes of arrangement.Since the 1999 Act, that report is effectively replaced by the report of the independent accountant which must now accompany the petition. Accordingly, the duty of the examiner now is: (a) To formulate proposals for a compromise or scheme of arrangement; (b) To carry out such other duties as the court may direct him to carry out. The examiner must report to the court within 35 da ys informing then of any schemes formulated. If the court is then not satisfied, it can order the company be wound up as per Section 22 CA 1999. The examiner must meet with creditors and members to devise schemes of arrangement.The members and creditors are classed for the purpose of voting on schemes and these schemes are deemed to be accepted if the majority vote in favour from each class. Various classes can vote on the proposals, including the Revenue, etc. When these proposals go to the court, any creditor or member whose interests are impaired may be heard. If a party who was completely unaware of the proposed scheme can show that the examiner knew of his existence but failed to take reasonable steps to appraise him of the situation, he may possibly have a right of action against the examiner for damages.The court will not approve the proposals unless at least one class of creditors impaired by the proposals vote in their favour. As to the actual content of the proposals, the only requirement regarding the proposals’ intrinsic merits are that of equality within classes. Proposals must be fair and equitable and not unfairly prejudicial. The court may propose modifications to schemes and these must be voted on if significant. 2. Receivership arises in the context of secured debenture holders and provides a framework in which they may act so as to enforce their security interest.Forde and Kennedy observe that at times receivership is used not simply as a means of reimbursing creditors but more as a device for reorganising insolvent companies, so as to salvage their viable parts for the benefit of those involved. Courtney notes that the term derives from the Latin recipiere â€Å"to take†. The receiver will go to the company and take control of those assets subject to the charge. They can then dispose of those assets and pay off the principal and interest due to the debenture holder.Receiverships involve two distinct relationships as per Barr J in Bula Ltd v Crowley – â€Å"First, that between the appointing mortgagee and the receiver which relates to the fundamental objective of the receivership†¦The second relationship is that between the receiver and third parties arising out of the receivership†¦Ã¢â‚¬  The receiver is usually appointed by virtue of the debenture. The validity of the appointment of a receiver is dependent upon compliance with the terms contained in the debenture and the capacity of the company and authority of its officers to create the deb ab initio, that is, from the beginning.Courtney states that a creditor owes no special duty to a company in deciding whether or not to appoint a receiver. The fundamental issue for the debenture holder is whether or not the appointment will further their interests. However, where the appointment will not advance these interests, the appointment may be said to have been made in bad faith. The only qualifications that the law requires of receivers a re negative, i. e. certain persons are barred from becoming receivers, such as undischarged bankrupts and persons connected to or related to persons within the company, as per Section 170 CA 1990.In Wise Finance Co Ltd the court held that a company’s secretary was ineligible to act as that company’s receiver. A receiver appointed by debenture can resign with notice. The court also possesses an inherent power to appoint a receiver on application by a debenture holder. This occurs in instances where the debenture doesn’t provide for an appointment in a particular situation which has arisen. A receiver appointed by the court has the status of an officer of the court and can only resign with the authority of the court.Ellis noted that receivers, irrespective of the method of their appointment, are regarded as being in a ‘fiduciary' relationship with those who appointed them. A receiver is normally deemed to be the agent of the company by virtue of his appointm ent; however, the receiver’s primary duty is to the debenture holder. The receiver owes a fiduciary duty to the debenture holder and must conduct his receivership in good faith. The receiver is liable to the debenture holder in damages if he is negligent.The receiver is liable to the company where he is negligent in the sale of any of the company’s assets. Section 172 CA 1990 states that â€Å"a receiver, in selling property of a company, shall exercise all reasonable care to obtain the best price reasonably obtainable for the property at the time of the sale†. This gave statutory effect to the law in Ireland that a receiver should be required to ensure that he got the best price for an asset, even if a much smaller sum would realise his security, as accepted in Ireland in Lambert v Donnelly and McGowan v Gannon.It was observed by McCracken J in Ruby Property Company Ltd that this is simply a statutory acknowledgement of the position at common law. A receiver ca n’t be appointed after appointment of an examiner. If appointed in the 3 days prior to examiner appointment, he may be ordered to cease acting. 3. Liquidation terminates a company’s existence and distributes its assets in a preordained way. Carrie Jane Canniffe â€Å"Restraining a Creditor's Winding up Petition – The position since Truck and Machinery Sales Ltd v Marubeni Komatsu Ltd. , proffers the winding up process can be said to mark the formalised beginning of a company's end. There are two main forms of winding up; (a) By court order; (b) Voluntary. A voluntary winding up can be either a members’ winding up or a creditors winding up. Ussher observes that the only grounds upon which a company may be wound up by the court are stated in Section 213 of the Companies Act 1963. Two different types of grounds exist for the winding up of a company by the courts, procedural and substantive.Three different procedural grounds exist: (a) The company has resolv ed by special resolution to wind up the company. It was held in the case of Re Galway and Salthill Tramway Co. , that the board of directors may not cause it to do so without the benefit of an authorising or ratifying resolution in general meeting, or specific authority in the articles. (b) The company does not commence its business within a year from its incorporation or suspends its business for a whole year. Courtney notes this ground is rarely relied upon since only contributories, the Co itself and creditors may rely on it. c) The number of members is reduced, in the case of a private company, below two, or, in the case of any other company below seven. The most important grounds however, are those of the substantive grounds. Where; (a) The Company is unable to pay its debts. The CA 1990 provides that a company shall be deemed to be unable to pay its debts in certain circumstances: (a. 1) A creditor has not been paid a debt of â‚ ¬1000 or more within three weeks after demand ing it in writing; (a. 2) A judgment is unsatisfied; or (a. 3) It is proved to the satisfaction of the court that the company is unable to pay its debts.Keane comments that in deciding whether it has been proved that the company is unable to pay its debts, the court will generally act on evidence that a creditor has repeatedly applied for a payment without success. If, however, the company can show that there is a bona fide dispute as to the particular debt claimed, the order will not be made. Alison Keirse ‘Winding up petitions – Practical application of the Stonegate test’ observed that the decision in Re Pageboy Couriers Ltd adopted the decision of Stonegate Securities Limited v Gregory establishing this method of defeating a creditor's petition to wind up a company.However, as Courtney notes it is one thing to successfully dispute the bona fides of a debt at the hearing of a petition; even where successful, the company is exposed to a glare of adverse publici ty wherein its solvency is questioned. The first Irish case to consider an application for injunction relief against the advertisement of a petition was Clandown Ltd v Davis. Morris J held that the precise amount of the debt had to be declared before the court could order a winding up. Thus Morris J granted the injunction to restrain the publication of the petition.One result of this decision is to reinforce the principle that the courts will not permit themselves to be used as a method of debt collection. Howard Linnane ‘Oppression of Members: Section 205 Companies Act, 1963’ proffers that under the CA 1963 the court has jurisdiction to order the winding up of a company where it is ‘just and equitable’ to do so. Ussher proffers that in many cases such grounds are invoked where there is a complete deadlock between the shareholders and the company’s activities to the detriment both of the member and the creditors.The leading case is Re Yenidje Tobacco Co, the principle of which was applied in Re Irish Tourist Promotions. Kenny J wound up a company in which the two directors could not meet without the risk of unruly scenes, and the business of the company could not be conducted. In conclusion, while a company’s inability to pay its debts is the most common reason for the winding up of a company, it is not determinative. A court will only wind up a company where it is just an equitable to do so.Ultimately the appropriate remedy to be employed will be dependent upon the extent of difficulty the company finds itself. â€Å"There is of course some comfort for both companies and creditors alike that the Irish statutory framework at least contemplates solutions which draw back from the finality of ultimate dissolution of a company and facilitates interested parties a way forward through these recessionary times perhaps even to the benefit of all parties concerned. â€Å"

Agricultural biology

Agriculture is a branch of biology that studies the wide scope of crops like rice, corn, cassava, etc. and its practical applications. Enormous issues related to agriculture have been raised daily by the community and some analysts. The most controversial among these is the continuing struggle of every nation on food shortage.Just last May, the issue about â€Å"rice shortage† alarmed the entire world including the United States of America. Rice producers and manufacturers jacked up the price of rice as an immediate response to the crisis. It must be clear though that rice or food shortage is also a global concern, may it be caused by the unusual climate changes or even the agriculture itself.  In an audio podcast of â€Å"A Farmers View on Food Shortage†, the speaker emphasizes that the food crisis could be brought by global warming and industrialization.This global warming could produce inconsistent climate conditions which affect weather patterns that may prolong d rought and cool seasons leading to a massive starvation even in the United States because of food crisis.On the latter part of the podcast, David Rai advises that in order to sustain and survive from the food crisis that the people are now facing, they must learn to conserve the use of rice by means of eating fruits, vegetables, and the like although rice has been considered by many as a staple food, highly demanded.The issue of rice, an agricultural aspect of biology, catches the attention of the people at large since it has been considered as the food of life among the greater half of the population located anywhere in the world. But whether or not the problem is about rice shortage or food crisis, the ones to blame are the people themselves and are expected to respond to this problem.And in order to conserve the supply of an agricultural crop like rice, these people should be guided to increase the production of rice, and provide agricultural assistance to those who are in dire n eed of the basic food of life, â€Å"rice.†

Black Dog by Penelope Lively Essay

Brenda Case is a mid-age housewife with personal problems. The English modern short story â€Å"Black Dog†, written by Penelope Lively, portrays Mrs. Case as being a frustrated woman with a peculiar manner, besides this she has difficulties to adapt within the society’s norms. This is probably because Brenda Case is going through the largest crisis in her life; the mid-life crisis. This gives Brenda some difficult factors to deal with. She is going through this emotional state of doubt and anxiety, realizing that her life is halfway over. Through the whole story Brenda is searching or her own sincere character, but has trouble finding it. As a defence mechanism, she supersedes all of her feelings. Was this the life she really would have wanted? The Black Dog symbolizes her â€Å"shadow life†. We’re situated in a suburb of England; the Case family is a regular middleclass family. Mrs. Case, who is the principle character, is a housewife and her husband, John, makes the money. Their life is characterized by the static tedious daily routine; her doing the shopping and him attending the Job. One day Brenda starts seeing a large Black Dog lying in their front yard. She constantly has a fear that the dog is going to eat her, basically paranoia of the wild animal. However, Mr. Case cannot see the dog. He even asks all the neighbours, but they haven’t seen the dog either. The colour of the dog should illustrate bad omen and negativity, but was this really signifying bad omen or was all this commotion simply caused by Brenda’s alter ego or her introverted state? As mentioned the dog symbolizes Brenda’s shadow life; the psychological term of the life that she could have had or if you live in the shadow of someone else. Mrs. Case obviously did not have a dream of becoming a housewife but she first realized her own character now. Perhaps she was pressurized from outside influences on what to do. This is also shown when Brenda follows the guidance from her two well turned- out daughters; they advice her to go on vacation and redecorate the house. However, when this made no progress they send her to the doctor’s office. All these recommendations are not helping Mrs. Case crisis, she finds out that facing the problem was the right solution for her. She understands that the Black Dog will be there all the time until she faces the real problem, her mid-life crisis. I would assume answering the question of â€Å"What is valuable in life? † and â€Å"What is the meaning of life? † would be a difficult task. The vagueness of the query is inherent in the word â€Å"meaning† and â€Å"value†, which opens the question to many interpretations. Some would use theological or spiritual explanations, where others would use scientific theories or philosophical arguments. The power of the words means different things to different people. Clearly Mrs. Brenda Case has gone through a her ageing children; all of a sudden she did not have to take care of her kids any longer. We can conclude that most outside influences have noting to do with your real self. You need to find your own sincere meaning of what life is and what goals you may have got. Some say a mid-life crisis also is the beginning of individuation and a process of self-actualization that continues on to death. But what is a mid-life crisis? Is it the physical changes associated with ageing or the changing of spousal relationship? Is it the death of parents or the children becoming adults? Perhaps it is the menopause for women and work issues for men? I guess a crisis through mid-life would involve reflections on what the individual has done up to that point often associated with feelings that not enough was accomplished. Maybe Brenda had the convincing that she one day would be successful accountant manager, instead she became a housewife wearing a pinafore. At the end of the story John Case suddenly see some footsteps of the dog, but what is causing his hallucination? A large question remains unanswered.

Research paper for case study about Tort and Negligence (course Legal

For case study about Tort and Negligence (course Legal Foundation for Accountants) - Research Paper Example A tort law can be described as a civil wrong not arising from a contract and in the case of negligence, one should owe due consideration to one’s neighbour (Capiro Industries vs. Dickman 1990). Negligence therefore, can be described as the act of doing something a reasonable man would not do and a plaintiff must prove in such a case that the defendant owes a duty of care (Donoghue V. Stevenson 1932). In this case, it is of paramount importance for the claimant to be able to prove that the negligent behaviour of the defendant which is Bull Pty Ltd would have caused the loss of the lucrative contract to supply the toys in order to win the claim that the subsequent loss after the action of the Dan could have been avoided in the event that he would have acted within reasonable limits. There are traditionally four elements of the tort of negligence which the plaintiff has to prove in order to be successful in winning the claim. There is need to prove that the defendant owed the plaintiff a duty of care, the defendant breached that duty by falling below expected standards, the defendant’s conduct caused the plaintiff to suffer physical or economic harm and the harm suffered by the plaintiff was reasonably foreseeable (Name of author and year). The four stage test has been reformed by statutory civil liability reforms in all States and Territories where recovery for loss in that situation must not be excluded by the statute. As going to be discussed in detail below, Kids P/L can establish the four elements of negligence. The House of Lords in the case of Capiro Industries vs. Dickman (1990), proposed the adoption of the following conditions where the three stages should be taken into consideration which include; foreseeability, proximity as well as reasonability. In some cases it may not always follow that a duty of care

Comparing Susan Glaspells Play Trifles with her Short Story A Jury of Essay

Comparing Susan Glaspells Play Trifles with her Short Story A Jury of - Essay Example The sense of male authority more effectively forms the hallmark of the story, which is more than can be said about Trifles if acting in the play is left out of the question and just text is scrutinized. Angel appears to be deeply fascinated with the short story version of Trifles in her article. She claims that compared to the play, the story focuses on women’s perspective who were shunned from the legal system. These were women who had judgment skills far superior to any men around, but were not given credit for that because it was men and not women who made the law, who were judges, and who investigated murder trials. The women in the story managed to see beneath the surface and reached different legal conclusions than men did. Women reached correct conclusions because of their different experiences and values than men and this difference is very superiorly explicated in the short story version of the play. It is suggested by Ben-Zvi in her article that compared to Trifles, Glaspell goes further in her short story to highlight patriarchal power and its implications on women. Trifles does not as brilliantly and as deeply analyzes the awkwardness of Mr. Hale’s character as the â€Å"Jury† does. In the start of the short story, the authoress dedicates many words to explaining how easily Mr. Hale is intimidated by fellow men like the County Attorney. However, when it comes to women of the house, he effortlessly undermines their perceptions of judgment. It is Mr. Hale and not the women of Mr. Wright’s house who gets to detail the murder report because of his gender. He directly taunts the women refusing to acknowledge that they could possibly have any clue about murder. Such examples of patriarchal power and female marginalization are more efficiently detailed in the Jury. In her article, Mael explains that just as the short story

Developing a Question-PICOT Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Developing a Question-PICOT - Assignment Example Research indicates that Obesity prevention results into a lot of complications in cases of older patients especially at the age of fifty and above (Tesauro, & Cardillo, 2011). It takes a lot of time for such patients to recovery quickly from metabolic Obesity attack. This is because the disease affects their respiratory system resulting into breathing problems (Tesauro, & Cardillo, 2011). However, healthy eating habits, avoiding of smoking and regular physical exercise has been found to reduce Obesity at high percentage and this is very effective for the disease control and prevention (Wu, Wu, & Huang, 2013). This usually helps the patients to keep better healthy life and avoid risk factors such as high blood cholesterol and difficulty in their breathing system (Meeusen, Hoekman, & van Zundert, 2014). The problem identified in here is that in case of Obesity, older patients usually face higher risks of the disorder associated conditions such as respiratory challenges pressure as well as heart problems when compared to younger patients and children. Furthermore, Obesity conditions are more common in adults than children globally (Tesauro, & Cardillo, 2011). Therefore, aged care system is one of the important aspects of nursing profession as well as nursing training practices. Most people usually face a lot of health care problems at old age including heart attacks, stroke, high blood pressure, mental problems as well as depression and anxiety (Bottone, Musich, Wang, Hommer, Yeh, & Hawkins, 2014). Physical exercise at this time of old age is very difficult leading to old age patients being too much vulnerable to a number of infections and disorders (Tesauro, & Cardillo, 2011). This calls for the need of medical and clinical students to fully understand old age problems during their training sessions (Meeusen, Hoekman, & van Zundert, 2014). The nurses as well as students in clinical training should be

Report Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 11

Report - Essay Example Various alternate services are available in the new market in terms of usability and value. For example an individual wants to watch an episode of a missed serial via Internet on the computer. This may decrease the use of mobile TV. The era of a dynamic environment also brings challenges for vendors to make considerations regarding consumer preferences. The new market continues to be robust and evolving media, Internet services, mobile communications and consumer electronic products. The mobile TV global ecosystem consists of content providers, aggregators, retailers, service providers, networks, device software solution providers, and device OEMs. It concludes that the mobile TV ecosystem cooperatively provides an end-to-end information services and entertainment that is widespread from permanent and broadband networks above broadband wireless networks for the consumers of mobile devices in the 3rd generation or 4th generation mobile networks. Advanced mobile data networks consist of IPTV and mobile TV services provided by mobile operators in the western countries. A comprehensive definition of IPTV is available on www.iptvdictionary.com which says â€Å"Internet protocol television (IPTV) is a process of providing television (video and/or audio) services through the use Internet protocol (IP) networks. These IP networks initiate, process, and receive voice or multimedia communications using Internet protocol. These IP systems may be public IP systems (e.g. th e Internet), private data systems (e.g. LAN based), or a hybrid of public and private systems†.Mobile TV is considered as a superb application by stakeholders in the context of falling ARPU and profits of mobile operators. Organizations are involved in content provision and they have learned the technological improvements and advancements along with service availability. These factors lead to adoption globally with high revenue streams. Although the predictions related to the mobile

Article and videos write ups for lessons 1 and 2 Assignment - 1

Article and videos write ups for lessons 1 and 2 - Assignment Example This article describes the humanoid evolutionary course in terms of awareness. The antiquity of the thinker is told â€Å"as if† it might be condensed to a four-act piece. If the symbol of a sequence of acts looks boring or that the advent to excellence of the human brain is too solid, then the production is an enjoyable surprise. Before Darwin, numerous scholars penned about the ancestries of man as well as the commencements of mental life. Such literatures, however, were forthrightly speculative since there were few concurred-upon evidences. There as no comprehensive hypothetical frame in which to place facts and beliefs. The article articulates that, in addition, he inspired scholars of biology and anthropological behaviour to and construe data applicable to the definite, as opposed to the fictional, "prehistory" of the human brain and man (Erickson and Liam 80). The word fieldwork is an interesting term to use to describe what an anthropologist needs to do since it embraces natural sciences and laboratory. Mostly it is about talking and observing conversations and talking to individuals as well as taking them what they think. It also encompasses doing things with other people. The video entails doing research work on three field sites, which include: The constant theme in the video resonates around the ideologies of Cultural Anthropology as a collective science that explores the way people comprehend as well as their worldly actions. The context of the short film features three associates of MITs Anthropology Division, Stefan, Erica, and Heather ho discuss their current effort and the procedure of doing fieldwork. This video involves Frans de Waal’s lecture on the moral behavior of animals. Empathy, collaboration, equality and reciprocity, which is caring about the happiness of others appears like a very human mannerism. However, Frans shares some astonishing videos of interactive tests on primates and other living things that display how several

Racing, Finance and Sponsorship Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Racing, Finance and Sponsorship - Essay Example The main aim of the new design is to create a more user-friendly, light and agile vehicle. By way of innovative solutions and technological up gradation the formula students aim to rank among the Top 5 at the event and emerge as the top team in UK at the car racing program. The team management works towards maintaining high standards for the vehicle and develop technical prowess of the members and create environmental awareness. However the success of the efforts is based on the support that it is able to garner from the corporate, as University assistance is not sufficient to take care of the funding associated with the design and development of the car. Sponsorship strategy Brunel Racing team comprises mechanical engineering and motorsport students. The designing work is entrusted to the third year students. Ever since the team was established in the year 1999 it has participated in a range of Formula Student competitions across worldwide locations, which includes the famous Hocken heim and Silverstone Grand Prix circuits (Brunel University West London-a, n.d.). For more than a decade the University team has participated in this event. Going by the rise in the number of Universities participating in the program the event is now eagerly awaited. The amount of media exposure at such events is also high. In the last year’s event there was extensive media coverage of the event. Many small and large businesses lend their support to the event and their number is continually growing.   These businesses get the opportunity to reach out to the masses by sponsoring the events. Their logos or corporate names are advertised on the race route and along the street leading to the event venue. Besides helping them in raising the bottom-line of the business they are able to forge an alliance with the University members. By reaching out to the University students these companies also get the chance to fulfil their corporate social responsibility. So the sponsorship eve nt enhances the market image of the companies and also helps them in establishing a philanthropic image in the society. Sponsorship is generally viewed as a ‘business relationship’ forged between a beneficiary and a sponsor i.e. there is always a commercial angle to it. However by granting funds for the university car racing the company will be able to draw dual benefits. Firstly, it will create more awareness about the products and services offered by the company. This will get reflected in the form of rising sales figures. Secondly, the company will be able to fulfil its responsibility of a socially responsible entity. Past research has brought forth the â€Å"consumer effects of sponsorship†. It has been seen that the investment offered by the sponsor in any sports activity creates a good-will among the event attendees. This is said to influence their behaviour and attitude towards the brand. There are three levels at which the sponsor is able to generate good -will. First is the ‘generic level’ that relates to the feelings of the consumers at the engagement of the sponsors in an activity; second is the ‘category level’ that relates with a particular audience say sports or art and third is at individual activity level’

Individual essay on my team experience Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Individual on my team experience - Essay Example However, considering the team’s organisation, delegation of duties and communication, Person B can be said to be the team leader. Her leadership traits emerged in the first group meeting, where she coordinated the activities and played the lead role in setting the team’s goals and objectives. Person B ensured that every team member participated in the all the team’s activities and ascertained that we all knew our roles and contributions to the team. She set the team’s activities in motion, facilitated communication within the team and helped in defining clear goals for the team.3 Even though all the team members were equals, she had a certain influence on the group that helped to set the team’s activities in motion. She was leading a group of peers and successfully maintained influence on us without leading into disagreements. This paper will discuss some of the leadership traits and skills that Person B possessed and the manner in which they influenced the whole team. It is difficult to manage a diverse team, especially one that is composed of individuals who bear equal authority. This means that a single individual cannot domineer or assert authority over the others.4 However, one individual can rise above the rest and influence the others by motivating them, facilitating activities, encouraging the team members, enhancing effective communication and maintaining trust, therefore, playing a leadership role in the team. 5 This was the case with our MG100 team. Person B showed leadership skills and helped the team to achieve its goals. We were all held accountable for the team’s performance, meaning that she was not responsible for the team’s output. As team members, we did not report to her but she facilitated the group’s activities because she had great organisational skills, which allowed every team member to trust her with the leadership role.6 We did not conduct a formal selection to instil her as our leader, but the value

Authentic Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Authentic Leadership - Essay Example As the essay discusses authentic learning has been proved to be a valuable tool in order to preserve the important elements of human history but also to achieve a significant level of development based on the knowledge that has been tested on the experimental field. The reason that authentic learning has been chosen as a subject for research is because of its very important role on the preservation and the further development of knowledge in all particular theoretical and empirical fields. The combination of authentic learning with leadership has also proved that the effective control of the educational activities can lead to the development of students’ level of knowledge no matter their usual performance in the school environment. As the paper declares a potential scheme of ‘authentic learning environment’ is proposed in order to prove the role and the function of authenticity in the learning procedure. The reference to an existed project dealing with this specific issue has been added in order to present the operation of similar strategies in the educational environment. A series of possible recommendations has also been added in order to identify possible areas that need improvement from a personal point of view. Traditionally, an implicit assumption of educators has been that classroom learning will more or less be transferred to other problems encountered at work, at home, or in other classroom settings.